In the AEC sector, innovation continues to shape the way we design, plan, execute, and maintain building projects throughout the lifecycle.
Creating a firm foundation for your AEC requirements, scan-to-BIM (Building Information Modeling) stands out. At the intersection of traditional construction methods and evolving digitized solutions, the importance of scanning and 3D modeling cannot be overstated.
“Scan to BIM” describes the process of converting a 3D scan into a building information model. It is the process of creating, developing, and maintaining a BIM model by digitally recording a physical place or site as a point cloud.
This technique seamlessly integrates 3D laser scanning technology with advanced building information modeling software. A digitized transformative process facilitates the creation of accurate and detailed digital twins (replicas of existing structures), enabling architects, engineers, and construction professionals to collaborate to unlock a future with efficiency and excellence. In addition, there are informed decisions throughout the project lifecycle.
Overcoming traditional construction lifecycle management challenges such as collaboration, integrated platforms, and manual errors, the technology-driven environment simplifies the process significantly. Without a doubt, there are no more horrors in documenting facilities and construction sites with a manual approach.
The Pathway of Scan-to-BIM Technology
Implementing scan-to-3D modeling involves a structured roadmap to ensure smooth and successful integration into construction and design processes. Its basic foundation depends on high-precision 3D laser scanners like those from Leica and Trimble. Even though they were invented back in the 1970s, the purpose of 3D scanners was not envisioned to the depth to which they have rooted themselves today, especially the great benefits of their usage in AEC.
Initially, the project goal, scope, and deliverables are defined. Deliverables include defining the need for Scan to BIM implementation, whether for renovation, new construction, or facility management. Tejjy, a 3D laser scanning expert, prefers a Leica scanner for accurate point cloud data. Adopting good-quality 3D scanners facilitates cost- and risk-controlled environments. Optimized results are possible after tracking progress, physical surveys, inspections, and mapping, even in sensitive areas.
Processed raw point cloud data is converted into usable BIM models. Adopting advanced versions of open scan-to-BIM conversion tools, we implement quality control measures for accuracy during point cloud data registration. Seamless integration of scanned data into a 3D model in an existing workflow generates better collaboration. The integration allows us to identify and resolve clashes.
How does it work?
The Scan to BIM process goes like this:
1. Identification of Requirements – It starts with identifying desired model requirements, including building elements, level of detail (LOD), and non-geometric attributes.
2. Scan Planning – To initiate a 3D scan, enter key parameters like accuracy, resolution, coverage, location, and angular resolution into the scanner’s touch screen interface.
3. Scanning – Then 3D laser scanning uses a laser scanners to capture objects or materials, creating highly accurate 3D images.
4. Deciphering the Scanned Data – The scanner’s data is exported via USB, imported into 3D modelling software like Autodesk ReCap, and stored in.rcp format for use in various software.
5. BIM Modeling – The final stage involves transforming data into a digital project representation, illustrating as-built conditions, and importing into Autodesk Navisworks.
You would like to explore – 13 Important Terms Related To Scan to BIM
Applications of 3D laser scanning for BIM
Let us explore the real world applications of 3D laser scanning for BIM
Architecture and Construction: Scan to BIM is utilized in the AEC industry for 3D inspection, as-built model creation, system analysis, repair estimates, etc.
Heritage preservation: 3D laser scanners are utilized in heritage preservation for reconstruction, restoration, and conservation of built environments.
Facility Management: Scan to BIM aids in documentation and enabling facility managers to preview space usage options before designing begins.
Challenges and Limitations – Being a latest technology, there are various limits with scan to BIM too. Now let’s examine those challenges and limitations sequentially:
Need of Collaboration – The Scan to BIM process involves client involvement at every step, requiring collaboration and communication to agree on a certain Level of Detail (LOD).
Lack of skilled workforce – It demands you to be equipped with a new different skillset whole all together which is laser scanning, analyzing point clouds, and ensuring proper conversion.
External factors – The Scan to BIM also faces weather limitations, computing power and storage space challenges plus difficulty of recording in busy areas.
Future Scope – With the development in scan to BIM technology, several new supporting technologies have emerged and those are:
Mobile Laser Scanning
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- Figure 1. Mobile laser scanning utilizes GNSS-IMU positioning for direct geo-referencing of laser scanning data for three-demensional mapping of objects.
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- Figure 2. ROAMER as a vehiclemounted MLS installation
Source of Images: mdpi.com
Mobile laser scanning is a land surveying method using a laser system mounted on moving vehicles for scanning landscapes, cityscapes, and infrastructure. It eliminates GPS requirements and saves time by using simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology. Mobile mapping devices offer a 10X speed increase over terrestrial scanning.
Scan to BIM automation tools
Machine learning algorithms improve data extraction, minimize errors, and improve accuracy over time in automated Scan to BIM workflows. They minimize errors through pattern recognition and continuous learning. Subsequently, the Result comes up as accelerate project pace, free up resources for higher value work, and automate geometric information segmentation and extraction.
Scan to BIM for different project types
Scan to BIM could be advantageous for different project typologies, let us understand that step-by-step with our case studies
Case study 1: Scan to BIM for commercial project
Our Maryland office project utilized Scan-to-BIM for precise design and documentation services. 3D laser scanning captured accurate measurements and spatial data, creating an LOD 350 BIM model. This improved the project’s intent of seamless building system for a productive work environment.
Case study 2: Scan to BIM for residential project
The Arlington Road renovation project utilized Scan-to-BIM to achieve precise results. Leica 3D scanners captured detailed point cloud data, registered it using Autodesk Revit, and created an accurate LOD 350 BIM model. The result was enhancing communication and efficiency for even little of the details.
Case study 3: Scan to BIM for government project
Scan-to-BIM was used in the Montgomery County Police Station redevelopment project, transforming the CoVID facility into a functional police station. 3D laser scanning captured precise point cloud data, which was converted into a comprehensive BIM model, hence a complete typology makeover.
When to Adopt Scan to BIM?
But when should we implement Scan to BIM workflow? Let us delve into the stage of adoption of construction life cycle or facility management where a scan to 3D model should be integrated for improved ROI’s.
Connect with 3D laser scanning experts now.
Accurate land mapping and surveying
Architecture is the most commercial art form. You cannot assume conditions and events for design. However, that’s the case when you are not real with the land you are designing on.
Challenge: The common process to record and map your land in today’s time is still very much reliant on inefficient site inspections and 2D-perspective drawings.
Solution: The reality capture and then conversion of the captured data into BIMs (building information models) solves the very first stage of land mapping and surveying. Very accurate land maps in compatibility with geological data are possible with Leica’s RTC 360 and its information tag feature.
Prompt as-built data for existing buildings
As-built drawings reflect the true condition of a construction project. Conventionally, as-built drawings are made by site visits, manual taping, and one’s reflection of project progress.
Challenge: Traditional as-built data collection and documentation can be time-consuming and costly for renovation or facility management.
Solution: By digitizing point cloud data gathering, the laser scan to 3D model technique minimizes the time needed for human measurements and site inspections. Slicing down on construction time and expenses by enabling early project completion.
BIM engineers created an as-built model using a point cloud for the ‘1155 23rd Street Northwest‘ project based in Washington, DC.
Better Visualization from Scan To 2D
If one opts for a 2D documentation approach to 3D as-built models, then it would be a subjective thing. A person or a group of people in some cases might not be able to make clear documentation outputs.
Challenge: Drawings miss the level of detailing (LOD) and are not self-explanatory. This can cause errors that could further increase the project’s progress.
Solution: Point cloud data collection and registration capture accurate measurements of existing structures. Further ensuring, point cloud data to 3D model conversion. Scan to 2D can also be done, but it misses clash detection features in visualization. So, we earn the benefit of cutting down on rework and saving costs.
Streamlined renovation and retrofitting
Scan to BIM technology is generally deployed for complete makeovers and space extension needs. In the first place, one needs to know the current situation of the space to make renovation and retrofitting decisions.
Challenge: Traditional documentation of buildings for renovating or retrofitting does not have precise data.
Solution: Scan-to-BIM data is captured and registered digitally so that even replicas of the same structure, called digital twins, can be created. As mobile data-capturing scanners are available, renovation of small places in remote areas with adverse physical conditions can be addressed easily.
A whole new dimension of documentation
Traditional site documentation methods would be solely dependent on live sketching, textual reporting, and on-site measurements. It was just a limited use case for monitoring construction progress.
Challenge: Traditional methods may struggle with scalability, making it challenging to document large structures and projects with tight schedules or extensive scope.
Solution: Accurate and precise reality capture with the latest laser scanning technology and then converting the captured point cloud data into mesh models and building information models could be a first step to various scopes of work. Periodic laser scanning could be a great aid in the digital twinning process, as it would provide accurate project and facility conditions.
Construction Planning and Sequencing
Planning and sequencing lead to better management. Building management in a digitized manner gives a streamlined flow.
Challenge: In the traditional construction environment, certain time deviations are not recorded. Also, missed progress tracks affect the schedules.
Solution: Scanning to BIM allows for monitoring the deviation in design. As all updates in Revit are performed in real time, change management becomes easy. Easy alignment observation supports informed decisions for all construction stages.
Efficient facility management
Facility management is all about managing the intersection of people, place, and purpose. And the backbone of facility management operations is monitoring each of the facility’s assets with total accuracy.
Challenge: Managing and maintaining facilities without updated information can result in inefficiencies and increased costs.
Solution: BIM models generated from laser scans serve as valuable tools for facility management. They provide accurate information about the building’s systems, components, and spatial relationships, aiding in maintenance planning and asset management.
Ensuring compliance with regulations
Architecture comes up with stringent standards and regulations to be followed. Especially in a time when climate change is a new concern and a growing population needs stricter management.
Challenge: Ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations can be challenging without accurate, as-built data.
Solution: The point cloud registration and then model development approach helps in creating models that adhere to regulatory requirements because scanning to BIM ensures documentation in the truest sense. This further ensures that design and construction activities align with local building codes, reducing the risk of non-compliance issues.
Energy efficacy analysis
Lack of knowledge hinders the implementation of energy efficiency measures. Additionally, there may be limited technical skills and expertise to manage and maintain energy-efficient systems.
Challenge: A well-informed construction lifecycle requires a data-coordinated environment, which is totally not possible with out-dated methodologies.
Solution: The point cloud registration and then model development approach helps in creating models that reflect the truth. With site conditions being digitized in their truest form, coordination can be streamlined for sustainable decisions. The whole feedback loop on sustainable development can be precise and accurate, especially in terms of how effective it is.
The scan to BIM technology may sound expensive upfront, but if you are thoughtful of your project, then a start with laser scanning and closure with BIM is a good investment. You are investing in technology to promise your client a process that is less erroneous and less labor-intensive.
You are indirectly hitting two birds here: the elimination of lower-quality work and discarding the contributing factors too. Investment in scan-to-BIM technology is all about investment in quality. Poor-quality work is very expensive in the long run, and in fact, you will realize a data-driven start would have made a good, thoughtful reality capture start.
Ensuring compliance with regulations
Architecture comes up with stringent standards and regulations to be followed. Especially in a time when climate change is a new concern and a growing population needs stricter management.
Challenge: Ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations can be challenging without accurate, as-built data.
Solution: The point cloud registration and then model development approach helps in creating models that adhere to regulatory requirements because scanning to BIM ensures documentation in the truest sense. This further ensures that design and construction activities align with local building codes, reducing the risk of non-compliance issues.
Energy efficacy analysis
Lack of knowledge hinders the implementation of energy efficiency measures. Additionally, there may be limited technical skills and expertise to manage and maintain energy-efficient systems.
Challenge: A well-informed construction lifecycle requires a data-coordinated environment, which is totally not possible with out-dated methodologies.
Solution: The point cloud registration and then model development approach helps in creating models that reflect the truth. With site conditions being digitized in their truest form, coordination can be streamlined for sustainable decisions. The whole feedback loop on sustainable development can be precise and accurate, especially in terms of how effective it is.
The scan to BIM technology may sound expensive upfront, but if you are thoughtful of your project, then a start with laser scanning and closure with BIM is a good investment. You are investing in technology to promise your client a process that is less erroneous and less labor-intensive.
You are indirectly hitting two birds here: the elimination of lower-quality work and discarding the contributing factors too. Investment in scan-to-BIM technology is all about investment in quality. Poor-quality work is very expensive in the long run, and in fact, you will realize a data-driven start would have made a good, thoughtful reality capture start.
Further Reading
3D Laser Scanning in Construction [Complete Guide]
What is BIM (Building Information Modeling)
